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عمومی::
آواپریشی ناشی از تنشن عضلانی
Muscle tension dysphonia that emerges during an upper respira- tory infection may persist long after the cold has resolved, presumably because of the effortful phonation and other maladaptive vocal behaviors adopted during the cold.
Muscle Tension Dysphonia (Primary and Secondary)
This may shed valuable light on so-called "compensatory" or "second- ary" muscle tension dysphonias, as reac- tive muscular adjustments to perceived weakness in the voice.
Muscle Tension Dysphonia
Morrison and Rammage138-140 first de- scribed muscle tension dysphonia (MTD), a speech diagnosis characterized by variable symptoms of voice disruption in the absence of laryngeal pathology, caused by visible or palpable tension or stiffness of the neck, jaw, shoulders, and throat.
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